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　　Nor has European human-rights legislation proved as restrictive as critics suggest. In 2012, of 2,146 foreign offenders ordered to be deported, just 256 successfully appealed on human-rights grounds. In the 16 years since the HRA came into force, domestic courts have made 28 “declarations of incompatibility”, holding that British laws conflict with the European convention. In 2013, of 1,652 British cases dealt with in Strasbourg, judges found violations in just eight.

　　欧洲的人权立法也不如批评家们指明的限制性。2012年，在被命令驱逐的2146名外国罪犯中，仅有256名成功的以人权缘由上诉。自HRA生效施行的16年间，国内法院给出了28 次有关“无法兼容的通告”，认为英国法律与欧洲公约存在冲突。2013年，在斯特拉斯堡处理的1652起英国案件中，法官发现仅有8起出现违规。

　　Without the HRA, the liberties enshrined in the European convention would still apply to Britons, who would then have to revert to going to Strasbourg about human-rights violations, as they did before its introduction. If the promised Bill of Rights were at odds with the convention, appeals would multiply.

　　没有HRA，欧洲公约中的一些自由许可可能仍旧适用于英国人，随之英国人就必须恢复到奔赴斯特拉斯堡处理人权侵害的问题—就像在签署公约之前一样做。若是承诺的权利法案与公约还是存在冲突，上诉可能会增多。

　　Even if it ditched the ECHR, Britain would still be bound by the EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights, which draws on the convention. It would also remain bound by other international treaties. The UN Convention against Torture prohibits deporting people to places where they maybe abused. The Declaration of the Rights of the Child makes expelling foreign criminals with offspring in Britain tricky. And, since the act was passed, at least some of the convention rights–such as those not to be tortured or held indefinitely without charge–have become more firmly rooted in English common law (which is based on precedent), argues Philippe Sands, a law professor at University College London.

　　即使英国挣脱了ECHR，它还是会受到《欧盟基本权利宪章》的限制，因为该宪章的制定借鉴了欧洲人权公约。英国同样会受到其他国际条约的制约。《联合国禁止酷刑公约》表明，禁止将人流放至他们可能受虐的地方。儿童权利宣言使得驱逐外国罪犯同时要机警处理他们在英国的后代。而且自从人权法案被通过，至少有一部分公约的权利—像是那些没有被虐待或是并无指控无限期收监的人—会变得越来越扎实的植根在英国普法之中(基于先例的普通法律)，来自伦敦大学的法学教授菲利普桑斯如是表明。

　　Devolution complicates matters further. The convention is incorporated into devolution legislation and the Good Friday agreements in Northern Ireland. Scottish police could therefore become subject to different human-rights obligations for crimes for which Westminster has responsibility (terrorism, say) and for those devolved to Scotland (most other offences). Having survived the Scottish vote on independence, the Conservatives' proposals may shake the union     again.

　　权力下放会使事情更加复杂化。公约被纳入授权立法和《北爱和平协议》。因此，苏格兰警方会遵从于不同的人权责任针对那些英国议会责任的罪犯(恐怖主义)，和那些被移交至苏格兰的罪犯(大部分因为其他罪行)。在苏格兰独立公投中胜利了，保守党的提议可能会再一次撼动这个联合王国。

　　Yet for those who bemoan Europe's influence, the court is a lightning rod for discontent. The Tory proposals look like a sop to them, ahead of an election. But the message that such changes would send is a bad one. Five countries, led by Russia and Turkey, were responsible for more than half the violations found by the European court last year. Getting them to comply with its rulings will be harder if Britain will not do so. For citizens of countries less committed to the rule of law than Britain, the court sometimes offers a final hope.

　　然而对于那些哀叹欧洲影响力的人来说，欧洲法院就是他们宣泄不满的“避雷针”。在选举之前，保守党的提议看似安抚了他们。但是这种变化发出的信息走势并不好。由俄罗斯和土耳其领导的五个国家，要对在去年由欧洲法院发现的一半以上的违规行为负责。如果英国不愿遵守裁决，那么要让这五国一起依从裁决将会变得难上加难。鉴于相较于英国，这五个国家的公民那较弱的坚定程度，偶尔给法院还带去了最后的希望。

　　重点讲解

　　1.plan to 打算;计划

　　例句:Both chambers plan to vote on that policy before January 15th.

　　两院都打算在1月15日前对那一政策进行投票表决。

　　2.promise to 承诺;保证

　　例句:I'm hoping you'll keep your promise to come for a long visit.

　　我希望你遵守诺言来这儿多呆几天。

　　3.allow to 允许

　　例句:Add a little of the warmed milk and allow to froth a little.

　　加一点温牛奶，并让它起点儿沫。

　　4.subject to 使服从;受制于

　　例句:Cross-border renminbi investment is subject to strict quotas or case-by-case approval.

　　跨境人民币投资受到严格的配额限制，或者要求通过个案审批。

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