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　　Individually, these proposals may seem noble-minded. But as a package, the plan is “short-sighted and one-sided,” thinks Axel B?rsch-Supan, a pension adviser at the Munich Centre forthe Economics of Ageing. It benefits the older generation, which is already well looked after, atthe expense of younger people who will have to pay higher contributions or taxes. “The financialand psychological costs of the pension at 63 are disastrous,” Mr B?rsch-Supan says. Therewill no longer be any incentive to keep working longer. In some cases, people may, in effect,retire at 61, register as unemployed for two years, and then draw their full pensions.

　　单独来看，这些提议或许看上去很高尚，但作为一个计划，却是“目光短浅并且片面”，慕尼黑人口老龄化经济学研究中心的抚恤金顾问阿克塞尔·博斯克·祖潘如是认为。这个计划是让年轻人缴更多的费用或纳更多的税使已经受到了良好照顾的老年人受益。“63岁为退休年龄让年金体系在金钱和社会心理方面都难以维系。”博斯克·祖潘说。因此人们也没有什么动力在这个年纪继续工作。有的人事实上在61岁就退休了，登记为失业状态，两年之后便可以领取他们的抚恤金了。

　　Criticism of the pension changes straddles German politics. Social Democrats who were involvedin previous reforms, such as Franz Müntefering, a former party boss, are against. So aremembers of the business-friendly wing of Mrs Merkel's own party. Employers are opposed,because they face labour shortages and are trying to persuade older workers to stay in theirjobs longer, not leave sooner. Even the churches are critical, on the grounds that the planviolates “generational justice”. Germany's EU partners are especially upset. Olli Rehn, theEuropean economics commissioner, has said that the commission may even sue Germany if itgoes ahead with the plans.

　　德国政坛无论哪个派别都对这样的年金体系改革批评有加。曾参与了之前改革的社民党党员比如前任主席弗朗茨·明特费林就提出了反对。默克尔自己党派的亲商派也表示反对。雇主们反对是因为他们面临劳工短缺，因此正试图力劝老工人们留下工作尽可能久一些，而非尽早离开。甚至教会也发出了批评声，因为这个计划违反了“世代公正”。德国的欧盟伙伴尤其泄气。欧盟经济专员奥利·雷恩曾说过如果德国率先推行类似计划这些计划，那么委员会甚至可能起诉德国。

　　It is not only the details of the measures that are disturbing but also the overall signal theysend, argues Thomas Straubhaar, director of the Hamburg Institute of InternationalEconomics. Germany's “sandwich generation”—those in their 30s and 40s who must pay evermore to support their elders and will get ever less in their own old age—will sulk and might evenemigrate. The pension package, he says, is testimony only to “the power of the grey hairs”,as the grand coalition cynically doles out political gifts to a few favoured groups of voters.

　　令人烦扰的不仅仅是这些措施的细节，还有改革者所发出的整体信号，汉堡国际经济研究所主任托马斯·斯特劳伯哈尔争论到。德国的“三明治一代”在三四十岁是必须花费更多来照顾他们的老一辈，但在他们自己老了之后却只会得到的更少，这使他们感到气愤甚至会移民国外。托马斯称，抚恤金计划只是“老人掌权”的见证，不无讽刺的是，这正如大联盟向其偏爱的少数选民提供政治好处一般

　　重点讲解

　　1.in particular 尤其，特别

　　例句:He stares detachedly into the middle distance,towards nothing in particular.

　　他漠然而漫无目标地注视着不远处。

　　2.promise to 承诺;保证

　　例句:Claire had made me promise to tell her thetruth.

　　克莱尔要我保证把真相告诉她。

　　3.instead of 代替;而不是

　　例句:Instead of complaining about what's wrong, be grateful for what's right.

　　别抱怨不好的事，要对好的事心存感恩。

　　4.aim at 瞄准;针对;旨在

　　例句:They aim at quality rather than quantity.

　　他们的目的在于提高质量而不是增加数量。

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