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　　While some technological challenges remain, themarket is heating up.

　　This hydrogen fuel cell vehicle from Toyotaconverts hydrogen into electricity, has a smoothride, strong accelertion, and leaves no carbon monoxide behind.

　　“We think that hydrogen is the future of electric vehicles because they’re so much moreconvenient," said Toyota's Wade Hoyt. "And the way it works is that the hydrogen wants tocombine with the oxygen in the air. It forms H2O, which is water vapor, is the only exhaust,so it’s a true zero emissions vehicle. And you get electricity out of that combination.

　　Many manufacturers are now producing hybrids and electric vehicles. Ford has unveiled an all-electric Ford Focus and Chevy is touting its environment-friendly Volt. While electric cars areeasy on the environment, they can also offer strong preformance. Tesla's has ferociousacceleration, pushing the car from zero to about 100 kilometers per hour in three-point-sevenseconds, with a top speed just over 200 kilometers per hour. Electric motors deliver strongacceleration because they offer more torque than equivalent gasoline engines. That is whyluxury brands, like BMW, are experimenting with this new technology.

　　But the switchover from gasoline is an evolutionary process, says James Bell of GeneralMotors.

　　"I think the mistake that many people in the industry and in the media maybe thought was that-- when the Nissan Leaf came out or the Chevrolet Volt -- was that suddenly people would droptheir gasoline cars and rush for them. No, it’s not that way," he said. "This is going to be aslow evolution, but it’s also a Pandora’s box moment. It’s not going to go back in. Electrifiedvehicles are the way to meet those emissions in the future.”

　　Alternative fuel vehicles account for just one million of the than 60 million cars producedworldwide annually. But in 2013 the number of hybrid and electric cars doubled. Automakersstill don’t make money on electric cars because of the high cost of battery technology. Tesla'sbattery, for example, costs $50,000, about half of the vehicle’s total selling price. Butmanufacturers pay the costs because they believe electric vehicles are an important part of theindustry's future.

　　Matt Miller, auto industry reporter for Bloomberg News, says a mixture of old and newtechnology is the winning strategy.

　　“Really the key for the future, I think, is hybrid technology, so rather than having a car like aTesla, completely electric-powered, you have a car like the BMW I-3 or I-8, which has a smallgasoline motor to help charge the battery when it’s needed and electric motors to drive," hesaid. "That’s got to be the future. Then you get something like 90 or 100 miles per gallon, [19to 21 kilometers per liter] which is decent and you still get the torque when you need it.”

　　The challenge is to produce a car with long, inexpensive battery life that allows the driver totravel a long way between charges. Automakers expect many millions will then decide to switchfrom gas to alternative fuel.

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